![]() For example, a speech about the parts of a resume might move in order from the top section to the bottom section. This structure is used for informative speeches where the topic is organized by location, geography, or moving through a space (“spatial” is the adjective form of “space”). ![]() Step-by-StepĪn informative speech about the International Space Station might use a spatial organization pattern, giving the listeners a tour of each part of the station as though they were moving through it.Ī spatial pattern organizes each main point in a directional structure, connecting each main point to a whole. So, consider the time allotted in addition to whether the time sequence of events is the most effective way to present the material before selecting this pattern. The cons are that there may be many events that occurred, such as in a speech topic about women getting the right to vote, which may not fit into the speech delivery time limit. The timeline does the organizational work for the speaker and makes it easy to use. The advantages of a chronological speech pattern are that it is very easy to follow and it creates a clean, clear order. Another example of a chronological speech topic would be a speech about a historical event, such as the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire, the Boxer Rebellion, or the Arab Spring, which covers the events that occurred in the order in which they happened. For example, an introductory speech about the life events that lead you to attend your college could be organized chronologically starting with the first meeting with your guidance counselor, which lead to filling out an application a few weeks later to then drafting an essay, going on a campus tour a few months after that, having an interview with the department, and then finally getting the acceptance letter. This structure works particularly well for informative and introductory speeches. ChronologicalĪ persuasive speech about Climate Change might describe the predicted effects of global warming in chronological order.Ī chronologically organized speech pattern organizes its main points following a sequence of events or occurrences according to the time they took place. The same is true of the beginning of your speech: by setting the stage with the introduction or the “hook,” you’re letting the listener know what they’re listening for and how they should listen. ![]() In the first case, we’re primed to laugh in the second, we get ready to offer comfort and sympathy in the third, we’re prepared to problem solve. ” With each of these different beginnings, we listen in a different way. ” What are you listening for in the story? Now imagine if they started the story with “I’m really upset because of something that happened today.” Or “I really need your advice. First, let’s imagine that they start the story with “Something really funny happened to me. ![]() Imagine that a friend is going to tell you a story about something that happened to them that day. Remember, though, that even if your speech is structured in a “natural” sequence, you still need an introduction that helps the listener understand why they’re listening to this story. When you’re talking about a process, for instance, walking the audience through the process step by step seems like a logical or natural choice. We can think of speeches organized chronologically, step by step, or spatially as following a “natural” or self-evident structure. Explain the chronological, step-by-step, and spatial patterns for speeches and identify which topics work best for these types.
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